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List your businessHow the property market works in Romania
In Romania, there is no single comprehensive national licensing regime covering all residential estate agents, though many belong to voluntary professional associations such as ARAI (Romanian Association of Real Estate Agencies) that promote a code of conduct.
Foreign buyers who are EU citizens are generally treated the same as Romanian nationals for buying property, while non-EU citizens may face additional conditions, particularly for agricultural land.
Buying and selling: key steps
A notary public (notar public) is required to authenticate the sale contract and verify the seller's title, after which the transfer is registered with the Agenția Națională de Cadastru și Publicitate Imobiliară (ANCPI), which maintains Romania's land book (carte funciară) system.
Buyers typically pay notary fees calculated on the transaction value, and registration fees for entry in the land book; income tax on the sale may also be due from the seller depending on ownership duration.
Working with agents, managers and architects
Agency commission in Romania is freely negotiated and commonly charged as a percentage of the sale price, with practice varying between a seller-only fee and fees charged to both parties, and should be set out in a written brokerage contract.
Architects must be registered with the Ordinul Arhitecților din România (OAR), and building permits are issued by the local primărie (city hall) based on an urban planning certificate.
Things to check before hiring
Ask whether an agent is affiliated with a recognised association such as ARAI, since formal licensing is not mandatory nationwide.
Request an extract from the carte funciară (land book) via ANCPI to confirm ownership and check for mortgages, liens or disputes, and confirm the property's cadastral documentation is up to date before signing.