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List your businessHow the property market works in Poland
In Poland, the formal licensing requirement for real estate agents was abolished in 2014, so anyone can act as an agent, though many reputable professionals voluntarily hold certifications from bodies such as the Polish Federation of Real Estate Market (PFRN).
Given the lighter regulatory environment, buyers commonly rely more heavily on a notary's checks and their own lawyer's due diligence than on agent credentials alone.
Buying and selling: key steps
A notary (notariusz) is required by law to prepare and execute the sale deed (akt notarialny) for real estate, and is responsible for submitting the application to update the Księgi Wieczyste (land and mortgage register), which is maintained by the district courts and searchable online.
Buyers of resale property typically pay a civil law transaction tax (PCC) at a flat rate on the purchase price, while new-build purchases from a developer are generally subject to VAT instead.
Working with agents, managers and architects
Agent commission in Poland is freely negotiated and commonly structured as a percentage of the sale price, with practice varying between paying the seller's agent only, or both buyer and seller each engaging and paying their own agent.
Architects must hold professional qualifications recognised by the Chamber of Architects (Izba Architektów RP), and building permits are issued by local starostwo (county) administrative offices.
Things to check before hiring
Since agent licensing is not mandatory, ask for references and check whether an agent is a member of a recognised industry association such as PFRN.
Request an extract from the Księgi Wieczyste to confirm ownership and check for mortgages or easements, and verify the developer's registration and the property's planning status for new-build purchases.